How To Empty A Pool

Staring at a pool full of murky water, do you wonder if it's ever going to be swimmable again? Whether it's due to algae blooms, structural repairs, or simply preparing for the off-season, there comes a time when every pool owner faces the task of emptying their pool. But draining hundreds or even thousands of gallons of water isn't as simple as pulling a plug. Improper drainage can damage your pool, flood your yard, or even violate local regulations, leading to costly repairs and potential fines.

Knowing the correct methods and precautions for safely and efficiently emptying your pool is crucial for protecting your investment and the environment. This guide will walk you through the essential steps, from checking local ordinances to choosing the right equipment and ensuring proper drainage. By following these instructions, you can confidently tackle this task and avoid common pitfalls.

Frequently Asked Questions About Emptying a Pool

How do I know when my pool needs to be completely drained?

You generally need to completely drain your pool when facing situations like severe algae infestations that are resistant to chemical treatments, structural repairs required to the pool's surface (like patching cracks or resurfacing), extremely high levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) that cannot be corrected with partial water changes, or if the pool has been contaminated with hazardous materials.

For stubborn algae blooms, particularly black algae, sometimes shocking and scrubbing prove ineffective. Draining allows you to thoroughly clean and sanitize the entire pool surface, removing all traces of the algae and preventing its immediate return. Similarly, if you notice significant cracks, blistering, or other damage to the plaster, vinyl liner, or fiberglass, draining the pool provides access to properly repair these issues. Attempting repairs underwater is often a temporary and less effective solution. High TDS levels are another common reason for a complete drain. Over time, minerals, chemicals, and other contaminants accumulate in the water. While partial water changes can help, excessively high TDS (typically above 2500 ppm) can lead to cloudy water, reduced sanitizer effectiveness, and scaling on pool surfaces, making a complete drain and refill the most effective solution. Finally, accidental contamination from chemicals or even animals may necessitate draining the pool to ensure the water is safe for swimming.

What's the best way to prevent damage to my pool while draining it?

The best way to prevent damage to your pool while draining it is to do it slowly, preferably when the water table is low, and to monitor the pool structure for any signs of bulging or cracking. A hydrostatic relief valve, if present, should be checked to ensure it’s functioning correctly.

Draining a pool can create significant hydrostatic pressure from groundwater pushing against the empty shell, potentially causing it to float, crack, or buckle, especially in areas with high water tables. Slow draining allows the pressure to equalize gradually, reducing the risk of structural damage. Check the weather forecast and avoid draining the pool during or immediately after periods of heavy rain when the water table is likely to be high. Local conditions also play a crucial role, so consult with pool professionals in your area if you have any concerns.

Before you start draining, inspect the hydrostatic relief valve, typically located at the bottom of the main drain. This valve is designed to relieve pressure from groundwater by allowing it to enter the pool if the external pressure becomes too great. If the valve is clogged or malfunctioning, it won't be able to do its job, increasing the risk of damage. You should also carefully monitor the pool walls and floor as the water level drops. If you notice any bulging, cracking, or unusual sounds, stop draining immediately and consult a pool professional. Early detection of potential problems can prevent costly repairs.

Can I use my pool pump to drain the pool, and if so, how?

Yes, you can use your pool pump to drain your pool, but it's generally not the recommended method for a complete drain due to the risk of pump damage and slow draining. It's best suited for lowering the water level a foot or two for maintenance or winterizing. To do so, you'll need to connect a backwash hose to the pump's backwash port (or waste port) and run the pump in backwash mode. Ensure the hose is directed to a safe drainage area, following local regulations.

Using the pool pump for a full drain puts undue stress on the motor and seals. Pool pumps are designed to circulate water, not to create the suction needed for a significant drop in water level without the constant presence of water. Running the pump dry, even for a short time, can cause it to overheat and potentially burn out the motor. Additionally, debris and sediment that accumulate at the bottom of the pool can clog the pump and filter system, further damaging it. For a complete pool drain, a submersible pump is the preferred and safer method. Submersible pumps are designed to handle large volumes of water and can pump water down to a very low level without risk of damage. They are also more efficient at removing debris and sediment. Before draining any pool, check local regulations regarding water disposal. You may need to dechlorinate the water before draining it into a storm drain or sewer line. To use your pool pump to *lower* the water level slightly:

Where should I drain the water from your pool to avoid property damage?

The best place to drain your pool water is into the municipal sewer system via a sewer cleanout. This ensures the water is treated properly and doesn't cause erosion or introduce chemicals into local waterways. However, you MUST check with your local municipality or homeowner's association (HOA) first to get approval, as they often have regulations regarding pool drainage.

Failing to obtain permission or choosing an improper drainage location can lead to serious consequences. Draining large volumes of water into your yard can saturate the soil, leading to erosion, foundation damage to your home or neighboring properties, and potential flooding. Similarly, draining into storm drains is generally prohibited because this water flows directly into rivers and streams without treatment, potentially harming aquatic life with pool chemicals like chlorine. If you cannot drain into the sewer system, consider alternative options with municipal approval. You might be able to drain slowly into your yard if the volume is small and your property has excellent drainage. Another option, especially for large volumes, is to hire a professional pool service company. They often have access to large-capacity pumps and can transport the water to an approved disposal site, ensuring compliance with local regulations and preventing property damage. Remember, it's always better to be safe and compliant than to risk costly repairs and potential fines.

What are the safety precautions I should take when emptying my pool?

Safety is paramount when emptying a pool. Before you begin, ensure the power to the pool equipment is completely shut off at the breaker to prevent electrical hazards. Also, never empty the pool completely if the water table is high, as the pool can "float" or even crack. Supervise the area constantly, especially if children or pets are nearby, as an empty pool presents a significant fall risk. Finally, be aware of where the water is being discharged to prevent property damage or environmental issues.

When draining a pool, electrical safety is non-negotiable. Locate the circuit breaker that controls all pool-related equipment – pumps, filters, lights – and switch it off completely. Verify that power is off by testing the equipment switches before proceeding. This eliminates the risk of electrocution from damaged or submerged electrical components. Furthermore, make sure any extension cords used for pumps are rated for outdoor use and are in good condition, free of any damage or exposed wires. Another critical precaution involves monitoring the pool during the entire draining process and after it is empty. An empty pool becomes a deep pit. Erect temporary fencing or barriers around the pool's perimeter, if possible, to deter accidental entry. Actively supervise the area, especially if you have children or pets. A pool cover might seem like a good solution, but it can become a trap if someone were to walk on it, potentially leading to submersion in any remaining water. Finally, consider the environmental and legal aspects of discharging the pool water. Pool water typically contains chlorine and other chemicals that can harm plants, contaminate soil, and potentially pollute waterways. Before draining, test the water's chemical levels and, if necessary, dechlorinate it to an acceptable level. Contact your local municipality to understand any regulations regarding pool water disposal, as some areas have restrictions on where and how much water can be discharged.

How long does it typically take to completely drain a pool?

The time it takes to completely drain a pool typically ranges from 6 to 24 hours, depending on several factors including the size of the pool, the pump's flow rate (gallons per minute or GPM), and the diameter of the discharge hose being used. Larger pools with lower GPM pumps and narrower hoses will naturally take longer to drain.

Draining a pool isn't as simple as pulling a plug. The efficiency of your pump is paramount. A standard submersible pump, readily available at hardware stores, will likely have a GPM rating printed on it. Consider this rating as an ideal, as factors like hose length and elevation changes can reduce actual flow. A longer hose run, or pumping uphill, will decrease the effective GPM. Also, the wider the discharge hose, the faster the draining process. A garden hose will significantly restrict flow compared to a larger diameter pool drain hose. Properly preparing the pool for draining is essential for safety and to prevent damage. You should turn off all electricity to the pool equipment, including the pump, filter, and heater. Consult your pool manufacturer's guidelines or a pool professional regarding hydrostatic relief valves. These valves are designed to prevent the pool from "popping" out of the ground if the water table is high. If your pool has one, it may need to be opened *before* draining begins. Ignoring this crucial step can lead to costly structural damage to the pool shell. Finally, always monitor the draining process and ensure the discharge water is directed to a suitable location, avoiding flooding or damage to your property or your neighbors'.

What should I do with the pool after it's been emptied for cleaning or repairs?

Once your pool is empty after cleaning or repairs, thoroughly inspect it for any cracks, blisters, or other damage, and address any immediate concerns while the pool is still dry. Then, clean the pool surfaces to remove any remaining debris, algae, or stains. Finally, refill the pool promptly to prevent structural damage caused by ground water pressure, especially in areas with high water tables.

After emptying your pool, this is the ideal time to perform maintenance that's difficult or impossible when the pool is full. Inspect the pool's interior surface closely. Look for cracks, which should be repaired by a professional to prevent water loss and further structural issues. Check for blistering or delamination of the plaster or liner. Address these problems now to extend the life of your pool. If the pool has a vinyl liner, inspect it for tears, wrinkles, or signs of deterioration. Before refilling, give the pool a good cleaning. Pressure washing can be effective for removing stubborn stains and algae, but be careful not to damage the pool surface. Acid washing can be used for more intense cleaning, but should only be performed by someone experienced with the process, as it involves hazardous chemicals. Ensure all debris is removed from the main drain and skimmer lines, and that all drain plugs are reinstalled. Finally, refill your pool as soon as possible. Leaving a pool empty for an extended period can cause the pool walls to buckle or crack due to hydrostatic pressure from groundwater pushing against the outside of the pool. This is particularly important in areas with a high water table or during periods of heavy rain. The longer the pool remains empty, the greater the risk of damage. Once refilled, balance the water chemistry to ensure a safe and enjoyable swimming experience.

And there you have it! You've successfully emptied your pool. Hopefully, this guide was helpful and made the process a little less daunting. Thanks for reading, and don't hesitate to come back if you have any more pool-related questions!